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1.
Colomb. med ; 48(2): 94-97, Apr,-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890861

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection whose etiology is Cryptococcus neofromans / C. gattii, complex which affects immunocompromised patients mainly. Meningeal infection is one of the most common presentations, but cerebellar affection is rare. Case Description: Male patient with 65 old years, from an area of subtropical climate with chronic exposure to poultry, without pathological antecedents, who presented clinical picture consistent with headache, fever, seizures and altered mental status. Clinical findings and diagnostic methods: Initially without menigeal signs or intracranial hypertension and normal neurological examination. Later, the patient developed ataxia, dysdiadochokinesia and limb loss. By lumbar punction and image of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cerebellitis cryptococcal was diagnosticated. Treatment: Antifungal therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole was performed, however the patient died. Clinical Relevance: The cryptococcosis has different presentations, it´s a disease whose incidence has been increasing since the advent of the HIV / AIDS pandemy, however the commitment of the encephalic parenchyma and in particular the cerebellum is considered rare. In this way we are facing the first case of cryptococcal cerebellitis in our midst.


Resumen Introducción: La Criptococosis es una infección micótica oportunista cuya etiología es el complejo Cryptococcus neofromans/C. gattii, el cual principalmente afecta pacientes inmunocomprometidos. La afección meníngea es una de las formas más frecuentes pero el compromiso cerebeloso es raro. Descripción del Caso: Paciente masculino de 65 años, procedente de un área rural con exposición crónica a aves de corral, sin antecedentes patológicos, con cuadro clínico inicial consistente en cefalea crónica, fiebre, convulsiones y alteración del estado mental. Hallazgos clínicos y métodos diagnósticos: Al principio sin signos de hipertensión intracraneana ni meníngeos y examen neurológico normal, con posterior desarrollo de ataxia, disdiadococinesia y dismetría. Se diagnosticó Cerebelitis Criptocococica con ayuda de repetidos estudios de LCR y resonancia magnética nuclear. Tratamiento: Se inició terapia antifúngica con Anfotericina B y Fluconazol, con respuesta tórpida y el paciente fallece. Relevancia clínica: La Cerebelitis Criptocococica es una presentación clínica infrecuente que requiere sospecha clínica y recursos diagnósticos para definir el tratamiento de forma temprana. La inmunosupresión no es requisito para padecer esta infección.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis , Cryptococcosis/diagnosis , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Fluconazole/administration & dosage , Cerebellar Diseases/microbiology , Cerebellar Diseases/drug therapy , Amphotericin B/administration & dosage , Fatal Outcome , Cryptococcosis/pathology , Cryptococcosis/drug therapy
2.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-712281

ABSTRACT

A cerebelite aguda é uma condição neurológica que pode ocorrer principalmente em associação à infecção viral, bem como a outros agentes infecciosos. A criptococose cerebral é a infecção que ocorre mais comumente em pacientes imunossuprimidos, principalmente na forma de meningoencefalite. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de cerebelite fúngica em paciente imunocompetente, condição não relatada na literatura até omomento. Paciente do gênero masculino, 30 anos, foi encaminhado para investigação de quadro agudo de náuseas, vômitos, cefaleia intensa, vertigem e ataxia da marcha. A ressonância nuclear magnética de encéfalo demonstrou imagem hipodensaisolada em cerebelo. A análise liquórica evidenciou Criptococcus em fase de gemulação. Houve melhora completa do quadro após tratamento com anfotericina B e fluconazol. A infecção fúngica por Criptococcus é condição incomum em pacientes imunocompetentes. Casos previamente relatados de criptococose não seapresentaram de forma isolada em cerebelo. De acordo com o presente estudo, quando o quadro clínico do paciente for compatível com cerebelite, é importante atentar para outras possibilidades etiológicas, que não apenas vírus ou bactérias...


Acute cerebellitis is a neurological condition that can occur especially in association with viral infection, as well as other infectious agents. Cerebral criptococcose infection most commonly occurs in immunosuppressed patients, mainly in the form of meningoencephalitis. The objective of this study was to report a case of fungal cerebellitis in an immunocompetentpatient, a condition not reported in the literature. Male patient, 30 years old, was referred for investigation of acutenausea, vomiting, severe headache, vertigo and gait ataxia. The magnetic resonance of the brain showed an isolated hypodense image in cerebellum. The analysis of the cerebral spinal fluidrevealed cryptococcus in the process of budding. There was complete improvement after treatment with anphotericin B and fluconazole. The fungal infection cryptococcus is an uncommon condition in immunocompetent patients. Previously reported cases of criptococcose were not presented in isolation in thecerebellum. According to this study, when the patient’s condition is compatible with cerebellitis, it is important to pay attention to other etiological possibilities, not just viruses or bacteria...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Cerebellar Ataxia , Cerebellum , Cryptococcosis , Cryptococcus neoformans , Cerebellar Diseases/microbiology , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Immunocompromised Host
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 25(2): 122-126, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-483190

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente que consultó por un síndrome cerebeloso y diplopía, asociados a pérdida de peso de 10 kilos en 6 meses y adenopatías múltiples. El estudio imagenológico cerebral demostró la presencia de lesiones de aspecto granulomatoso a nivel cerebeloso y mesencefálico, sin alteración citoquímica del líquido cefalorraquídeo. Las baciloscopias de orina y de la biopsia ganglionar fueron positivas y permitieron el diagnóstico de tuberculosis (TBC) sistémica. La serología para VIH resultó positiva en sangre con un recuento de linfocitos CD4 de 590 cel/mm3, clasificándose el caso como SIDA etapa Cl. El paciente fue tratado con el esquema antituberculoso según norma nacional, con buena respuesta clínica e imagenológica. La presentación de tuberculomas infratentoriales sin meningitis, como primera causa de pesquisa de TBC y SIDA no es habitual, de allí nuestro interés por comunicar el caso.


We present a clinical case of a patient who consulted for a cerebelous syndrome and diplopia associated to 10 kg weight loss in six months and multiple adenopathies. Cerebral imagenology study evidenced the presence of granulamatous masses at the cerebellum and midbrain level, there were no cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities. Systemic tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis was done based in finding of acid-fast bacilli positive staining in urine and lymph node biopsy. HIV infection was documented by ELISA serology. CD4 cell count was 590 cell/mm3, classifying the case a AIDS Cl stage. TB was treated according to national guidelines leading to good clinical and imagenology evolution. The clinical case scenario of infratentorial tuberculomas without meningitis as a first manifestation of TB and AIDS is unusual, generating our interest in reporting this case.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Cerebellar Diseases/microbiology , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis , Cerebellar Diseases/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/drug therapy
6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(4a): 1022-1025, dez. 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470137

ABSTRACT

Gemella morbillorum, a commensal of the oropharynx, upper respiratory, urogenital and gastrointestinal tract is rarely associated with infections in humans. However, an increasing number of infectious processes in different locations have been reported. Cerebral abscesses caused by these bacteria are extremely uncommon with only four cases previously described in the literature. We present the case of a cerebellar abscess by Gemella morbillorum in a 50 years-old man with inter-atrial communication dealt by surgical excision and antimicrobial therapy.


Gemella morbillorum, uma bactéria comensal da orofaringe, vias aéreas superiores e aparelhos urogenital e gastrointestinal, raramente causa infecções em humanos. No entanto, um crescente número de processos infeciosos em diferentes localizações tem sido referido. Abcessos cerebrais provocados por esta bactéria são extremamente raros, encontrando-se apenas quatro casos previamente descritos na literatura. Apresentamos o caso de um abscesso cerebelar por Gemella morbillorum em um homem de 50 anos com comunicação inter-atrial, tratado por excisão cirúrgica e terapêutica antimicrobiana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain Abscess/microbiology , Cerebellar Diseases/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications , Staphylococcaceae , Brain Abscess/complications , Brain Abscess/diagnosis , Brain Abscess/drug therapy , Cerebellar Diseases/complications , Cerebellar Diseases/drug therapy , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
9.
HU rev ; 12(1): 51-60, jan.-abr. 1985. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-29576

ABSTRACT

Apresenta-se um caso clínico-cirúrgico de paracoccidioidomicose com manifestaçöes neurológicas. O diagnóstico etiológico definitivo de neuroparacoccidioidomicose foi conseguido combinando-se os dados referentes aos antecedentes pessoais, evoluçäo clínica, achados tomográficos e histopatológicos. Discutem-se as dificuldades no estabelecimento do diagnóstico definitivo, inclusive no diagnóstico diferencial anatomopatológico com outras micoses sistêmicas. Discute-se também a importância da realizaçäo da tomografia axial computadorizada, ressalta-se a evoluçäo clínica prolongada provavelmente influenciada por tratamentos anteriores. É feita revisäo da literatura sobre possível contribuiçäo do perfil imunológico para o acompanhamento da enfermidade


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Cerebellar Diseases/microbiology , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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